qicheqizhongjihuanxiangfadefaxinyufatizhijianduocaiyongjianximifeng,zaiqizishenzhonglijiqidiaozaihezhonglideshuangzhongzuoyongxia,zhidongshigaoyayouyechanghuitongguohuanxiangfafaxinyufa體之間的微小間隙緩慢泄漏,不能對各機構液壓缸或液壓馬達實現有效地鎖緊,因而極易發生吊重下降、吊臂內縮、幅度增大、支腿下沉的事故,輕則使汽車起重機無法正常工作,重則導致車輛傾覆、人員傷亡等惡性事故的發生。消除隱患的安全措施至少有以下4條。
(1)在回油路中串聯液壓鎖
液(ye)控(kong)單(dan)向(xiang)閥(fa)的(de)反(fan)向(xiang)油(you)路(lu)隻(zhi)有(you)當(dang)其(qi)控(kong)製(zhi)油(you)路(lu)輸(shu)入(ru)一(yi)定(ding)壓(ya)力(li)油(you)液(ye)之(zhi)後(hou)才(cai)可(ke)能(neng)連(lian)通(tong)。它(ta)是(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)能(neng)對(dui)油(you)路(lu)實(shi)現(xian)通(tong)斷(duan)控(kong)製(zhi)的(de)開(kai)關(guan)元(yuan)件(jian),通(tong)常(chang)人(ren)們(men)又(you)稱(cheng)之(zhi)為(wei)液(ye)壓(ya)鎖(suo)。將(jiang)液(ye)壓(ya)鎖(suo)反(fan)向(xiang)串(chuan)接(jie)在(zai)液(ye)壓(ya)缸(gang)(液壓馬達)的回油路中,並將其控製油路與液壓缸(液壓馬達)的進油路相連,就能使回油路在製動狀態下因控製油路無壓力油作用而切斷,對液壓缸(液壓馬達)起到應有的鎖緊作用。
液壓鎖的鎖緊效果取決於閥芯形狀和閥的結構型式。
faxinruguocaiyongqiufashihuohuafashi,qixielourengjiangshinanmiande,jiyouyeyoukenengtongguoyinfaxinchongjierchanshengdegoucaohuofaxinyufatijiandejianxixielou。yinci,yongzaiqicheqizhongjizhongdeyeyasuofaxinyinggaixuanyongmifengxingnenghaodezhuixin,jishichangjiushiyongyenengbaozhengdiyoubulou。
根據汽車起重機的工況特點,應選用帶有卸荷閥芯的IY-F型高壓液壓鎖。
對支腿油路,有支撐鎖緊和懸掛鎖緊兩項鎖緊要求。根據不同油路,每個支腿可采用僅為一個液控單向閥、jinnengqidanxiangsuojinzuoyongdedanxiangyeyasuo,huoyoulianggeyekongdanxiangfajiaochalianjieerchengdeshuangxiangyeyasuo。yibancaiyongdeshihouyizhongfangan。meigezhituisuojinzhuangzhidoubixudulishezhi。
(2)在回油路中串聯平衡閥
pinghengfashizhishangshidanxiangfayuwaikongneixieshishunxufazuheerchengdezuhefa,tazaiqicheqizhongjizhongdeanzhuangweizhihesuojinyuanliyuyeyasuodewanquanxiangtong,jianzhuangzaihuiyouluzhong,zhidonghouqieduanhuiyoulu。ruguoduiyouluwuqitateshuyaoqiu,haishiyingjinliangcaiyongjiagexiangduidideyeyasuo。
(3)提高液壓元件的密封性
在油路中安裝液壓鎖或平衡閥後,並不一定能完全保證機構製動後能鎖緊,液壓缸(液壓馬達)的密封性也是製約鎖製效果的關鍵因素。
液壓元件的漏油分內泄和外泄漏兩種。液壓缸內泄漏不易察覺,將導致支腿收放、吊臂伸縮及變幅3機構無法鎖緊而發生下沉現象。因此,提高液壓缸的密封效果,關鍵是解決發生在其內部的內泄漏問題。
一般來說,對汽車起重機液壓缸內部的漏油量應嚴格限製。安全檢查時,規定額定壓力下活塞的移動距離為10min內不應大於0.5min。超過此值,說明密封性能不好,要及時更換新的Y形圈。
(4)吊重升降液壓馬達外抱製動器
欲使液壓缸、yeyamadachangjiudibuchanshengneixieloushihennanchaxiande,qimifengjianmosunhouxielouhuizaibuzhibujiaozhongchansheng。zheyang,ruosuojinlaogujiuzhiyouanzhuangzhidongqiyizhongfangfale,qiezhinengzaishidiaozhongshengjiangdeyeyamadashangcaiyong,qitaderuduidiaobishensuo、變幅等則無法采用。
對dui吊diao重zhong升sheng降jiang機ji構gou起qi作zuo用yong的de製zhi動dong器qi實shi際ji上shang是shi一yi隻zhi小xiao型xing的de單dan杆gan單dan作zuo用yong液ye壓ya缸gang,製zhi動dong器qi為wei常chang閉bi式shi,製zhi動dong力li取qu決jue於yu缸gang內nei的de彈dan簧huang力li。為wei了le獲huo得de理li想xiang的de鎖suo緊jin效xiao果guo,當dang然ran希xi望wang彈dan簧huang力li越yue大da越yue好hao,但dan過guo大da的de彈dan簧huang力li又you會hui使shi製zhi動dong器qi鬆song閘zha能neng耗hao加jia大da,所suo以yi外wai抱bao製zhi動dong器qi是shi其qi鎖suo緊jin方fang案an的de輔fu助zhu手shou段duan。
手機版|
關注公眾號|

下載手機APP

